Data Center Cyber Risks 

When it comes to data centers, uptime is a very important key performance indicator (KPI).  

Let’s look at major infrastructure components in data centers and how they can impact uptime: 

BMS (Building Management System): 

The BMS plays a critical role in monitoring and controlling various aspects of the data center’s physical environment, such as temperature, humidity, and airflow. Cyber risks related to the BMS can include unauthorized access, manipulation, or disruption of the system. Attackers might exploit vulnerabilities in the BMS software or hardware to gain control of critical infrastructure, potentially leading to data center downtime or equipment damage. Additionally, if the BMS is integrated with other systems, such as fire suppression or access control, compromising the BMS could have cascading effects on overall data center security and even worker safety. 

EMS (Electrical Management System): 

The EMS manages the electrical distribution and power systems in the data center. Cyber risks in the EMS can lead to power-related issues, such as disruptions to Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) or failures in power distribution. Attackers could exploit weaknesses in the EMS to cause power outages, leading to data loss, service interruptions, and potential electrical hardware damage that could lead to much longer term outages. Moreover, unauthorized access to the EMS might enable attackers to manipulate power settings, increasing the rate of wear on computer components and increasing the rate of transient “glitch” style outages among computers in the data center. 

 SEC (Security Management): 

The SEC is responsible for maintaining the data center’s overall physical security posture, including access controls, video surveillance, and threat detection. Cyber risks in the SEC can result in intruders gaining unauthorized physical access to critical areas, and cyber attackers tampering with security systems, or disabling surveillance mechanisms. Moreover, if the security systems are interconnected with other data center components, an attack on the SEC might be used as a gateway for further infiltration. 

DCIM (Data Center Infrastructure Management): 

The DCIM plays an important role for optimizing the management systems of data centers. With a wide suite of tools, DCIMs empower data center administrators to monitor, analyze, and control every aspect of their facility’s infrastructure from power and cooling systems to server utilization and asset tracking. By providing real-time insights and predictive analytics, DCIM improves operational efficiency and also contributes to substantial cost savings and environmental sustainability. Any possibility of a breach into the DCIM represents a very high risk for the data center, because the DCIM controls so much. A compromised DCIM can be used to shut down the entire center, for example. 

Bottom Line:  

Overall, the interconnected nature of data center systems increases the risk of cyber attacks affecting multiple components simultaneously. To mitigate these risks, data center operators must implement a really robust cybersecurity measures, such fully segmenting OT networks from IT and updating or patching the OT systems very cautiously, after thorough testing, to minimize the risk of unexpected downtime of OT computers and the physical and electrical processes essential to data center operations. Additionally, data centers require access controls that can’t be breached.  

By having a secure OT network, data centers can significantly enhance their resilience against cyber threats, ensuring they maintain the uptime goals they strive to achieve. 

Want to learn how Waterfall Security helps protect data center OT? Read our case study Cybersecurity for Data Centers with a real-world example of a data center in the Asian-Pacific region.